Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *pele-, *ple-t- (-th-), *plā-k- <PIH *-lH->

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: broad, flat, plain

Hittite: palhi- 'breit', palhasti- n./c. 'Breite', palhatar n. (r/n) id., palhessar n. (r/n) id. (Friedrich 156)

Tokharian: A, B plāk- (PT *plāk-) 'be in agreement, accord, agree' ( = Lat. placēre) (Adams 423); A, B plätk- 'arise, develop, swell, overflow' ( < 'spread') (Adams 427)

Old Indian: práthate `to spread, extend', pr̥thú- `broad, wide', pr̥thá- m. `flat or palm of the hand', práthas- n. `width, extension'

Avestan: fraɵah- n. `Breite'; pǝrǝɵu- `weit, breit, geräumig'

Armenian: lain `breit'

Old Greek: pélethro-n n. Hom., inscr. (Delph., Corc.) 'a measure of land', (inscr., Syrac.) 'stadium, running-ground'; peléthrisma = pléthrisma Hsch.; pléthro-n n. 'measure of lemgth = 100 ft.; 10.000 square feet; = Lat jugerum' (Hdt., Xen+) || pláks, gen. plak-ós `Fläche, Flachland, Meeres-, Bergfläche' || plágos n. `Seite' (Tab. Heracl.), pl. plágia die Seiten, Flanken, plágio- `waagerecht, quer, schief' || platǘ- `weit, breit, eben', plátos n. `Weite, Breite, Umfang', plátǟ f. `Ruderschafel, Ruder', plátǟ-s m. `Untersatz eines Grabdenkmals', platamṓn, -ō̂nos m. `platter Stein, Falsenplatte, flacher Strand'

Slavic: *ploskъ(jь)

Baltic: *plā̂-n-a- (2) adj., *plā̂-n-a- (1) c., *pla-n-a- c.; *plā-k-a- c., *plā̂k-s-t-ja- adj., *plā̂-k-an-a- (1) adj., *plak- vb. intr., *pla-k-an-a- adj., *plā̃k-iā̃ f.; *pla-d-iā̃ f.

Germanic: *flá-x-ō f., *flá-x-i- c., *fla-g-ṓn- f.; *flṓ-x-ō f.; *flṓ-r-ō(n-) f., *flṓ-r-a- m.; *flō-k-a- n., *flō-k-an- m., *fla-k-a- n., *fla-k-a- adj., etc.; *fla-t-a- adj., *fla-t-ja- n.; *flō-t=; *fla-ɵ-ōn- f., -an- m., etc.

Latin: plānus, -a `platt, eben, flach; klar'; planta f. `Fusssohle' || placeō, -uī, -ēre `gefallen'; placidus, -a `flach, eben, glatt; ruhig, still, sanft'; plācāre `ebnen; besänftigen, beruhigen' || plaga f. `Fläche; Netz, Teppich, Überzeug; Gegend, Landschaft'

Celtic: OIr lār `solum, pavimentum'; Cymr llawr `solum, pavimentum'; Gaul Are-licca `Peschiera am Gardasee' = "östlich von der Felsplatte von Sirmione"; MIr lecc `Steinplatte' (< *plǝk-nā́); *hletos-, etc.: Gall. Litana (silva), Litanobriga; OIr lethaim `dehne aus, erweitere'; Cymr lled `Breite'; lledu `ausbreiten'; comp. lled `breiter, weiter'; lethon `breit'; llydan `breit'; Corn les `Breite'; ledan `breit'; Bret let, led m. `Breite'; ledaff `ausbreiten'

Albanian: špaɫ offenbare, pɛrpaɫ veröffentliche

Russ. meaning: широкий, ровный, плоский

References: WP II 90 f, 99 f

Proto-IE: *pelew- (Gr pt-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: a k. of leaf-bearing tree

Other Iranian: Osset farwe, fǝrer `Erle'

Old Greek: pteléǟ, epid. peléā f. `Ulme, Rüster'

Germanic: *filw-ō f.

Russ. meaning: дерево (лиственное)

References: WP II 84 f

Proto-IE: *pel[e](w)-, *plē(w)-

Meaning: skin, hide

Old Greek: {pélas 'Haut' - nowhere found!}, pélma n. `Sohle am Fuss oder Schuh', péltǟ f. `kleiner leichter Schild ohne Rand, meist aus Flechtwerk mit einem Überzug von Leder'; pólmǟ `leichter Schild'; epíploo-n n., -s m. `die Netzhaut um die Gedärme, das Darmnetz, Omentum'

Slavic: *pelenā, *plēnā, *plenā (?), *pelьkā (Rus dial. пе́лька, HSorb nordl. pjelucka), *plēvā

Baltic: *plē-n-i- c., *plē-n-iā̃ f.

Germanic: *fill-a- n., *fill-iōn- f., *fil-min-ja- n., *fil-mōn- f., *fil-m-a- m.

Latin: pellis, -is f. `Fell, Haut, Pelz'

Russ. meaning: кожа

References: WP II 58 f

Proto-IE: *pelǝg'h-

Meaning: to creep

Slavic: *polzъ; *pélztī, *pьlzǭ

Germanic: *filg-ō f.

Russ. meaning: ползти etc.

Proto-IE: *pelǝ-, *plē-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: dust, ashes

Old Indian: palala- n. `ground sesamum; mud, mire'

Old Greek: pálǟ f. `feines Mehl, feiner Staub', pai̯pálǟ, paspálǟ `id.'

Slavic: *pepelъ/*popelъ

Baltic: *pel-en-a- c., *pel-en-iā̃ f., *pel-an-ā̂ f., *pel-n-a- c.; *plē̂-n-i- c., *plē̂-n-iā̃ (2) f., *plē̂-w-ā̂ (2), *plē̂-w-iā̃ (2); *pleî-n-iā̃ f., *pleî-n-ia- c.

Latin: pollen, gen. -inis m., n.; pollis, -is m., f. `sehr feines Mehl, Staubmehl'; pulvis, -is f. (/m.) `Staub'

Celtic: OCymr ulw `favilla', Bret ulven `duvet, qui s'élève du lin, quand on le peigne'

Russ. meaning: пыль, пепел

References: WP II 60

Proto-IE: *pelǝ-, *plē-

Meaning: to fill; full

Tokharian: B pälleŭ 'full moon' (Adams 379)

Old Indian: píparti, pr̥ṇā́ti, pass. pū́ryáte, imp. pūrdhí, pf. paprāu; ptc. pūrtá-, pūrṇá- `to fill'; prāti, ptc. prāṇa-, prātá- id.; párīṇas- m. `plenty, abundance', párīman- `bounty, plenty'

Avestan: par- `füllen'

Armenian: li, gen. liog `voll'; lnum, aor. 1 sg. elich `füllen'

Old Greek: pímplēmi, -ami, intr. plḗthō `fülle', aor. plē̂sai̯, plē̂to, pf. péplēka, med. péplēsmai̯ `füllen, vollmachen', intr. `sich füllen, voll werden', plḗmǟ `Hochwasser, Flut'; att. pléō-, ion. pléo- `voll', plḗrēs `voll', plē̂thos n. `Fülle, (Volks)menge, Haufe', plēthǖ́s, -ǘos f. `id.'

Slavic: *pьlnъ(jь)

Baltic: *pil̂-n-a- (1) adj.; *pil̂-d-ī̂- (1) vb.

Germanic: *full-a- adj.

Latin: com-, im-, adim-, ex-pleō, -plēre, -plēvī, -plētum `füllen'; plēnus, -a `voll; schwanger; stark; satt; vollständig'; plērus, -a `zum grössten Teil'; plēbēs, -eī/-ī, plēbs, plēbis f.`Volksmenge; die Masse de Volkes im Gegensatz zu den Adeligen'; manipulus, -ī m. `eine Handvoll; ein (mit der Hand gegriffenes) Bündel; Hanteln der Turner; Soldatenabteilung (der dritte Teil einer Kohorte, Manipel, Fähnlein)'

Other Italic: Umbr plener `plēnīs'

Celtic: *hlēn-, *hlān- > OIr līnaim `ich fülle', līn `numerus, pars'; lān `voll'; comalnur `ich fülle'; OCymr laun `voll', Cymr llawn `voll'; Corn luen, luen, len `voll', Bret leun `voll'

Albanian: pl̨ot `voll'

Russ. meaning: наполнять; полный

References: WP II 63 f

Proto-IE: *pelp-

Meaning: construction of boards

Old Indian: parpa- n. `a wheel-chair for cripples; a house'

Latin: pulpitum, -ī n. `Brettergerüst als Bühne oder Tribüne'

Russ. meaning: сооружение из досок

References: WP II 66

Proto-IE: *pels-

Meaning: rock, cliff

Old Indian: pāṣāṇa- m., pāṣī f., pāṣyà- n. `stone'

Other Iranian: Pashto parṣ̌á `Stein, Fels'

Old Greek: pélla f. `stone' Ulp.ad D., Hsch.

Germanic: *filz-á- n., *filís-a-, -an- m., -ō f.; *fulV́s=

Celtic: *pl̥so- > OIr all, gen. alle `Klippe'

Russ. meaning: скала

References: WP II 66 f

Proto-IE: *pelt-, -d-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: a big piece of fabric, linen

Old Indian: paṭa- m. `woven cloth, cloth, blanket', paṭala- n. `roof, thatch, veil, cover'

Old Greek: péltǟ f. 'small light shield of leather without a rim; horse's ornament' LS 1358

Slavic: *poltьno

Baltic: ? *pel(t)k=

Germanic: *fald-ia- m., *fald-ōn- f.; *filt-a- m., *filt-ia- n.

Russ. meaning: большой кусок ткани, полотно

References: WP II 58 f

Comments: Cf. *palǝ- 'id.'

Proto-IE: *pel-u-; *pel[e]-, *plē-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: many

Old Indian: purú- `much, many, abundant', f. pūrvī́, comp. prāyas adv. `for the most part, mostly'

Avestan: pouru- `viel'; comp. frāyah- `mehr'

Other Iranian: OPers paru `viel'

Old Greek: polǘ-, f. pollǟ́ `viel, zahlreich, häufig', polló- `id.'; comp. aeol., dor. plḗōn, pléon, att. pléi̯ōn

Germanic: *filu adv., *fil-u- adj.; *flaiz=

Latin: plūs (OLat plous) `mehr', plūrimus (OLat ploirume, plouruma) `meist'

Celtic: *hel-, *hlī- > OIr il `viel', lia `plus, plures'; OCymr liaus `multitudo', Cymr lliaws `multitudo'

Russ. meaning: много

References: WP II 63 f

Proto-IE: *pen-

Meaning: bread, food

Old Indian: panasa- m. `bread-fruit tree', n. `bread-fruit'

Old Greek: panía f. = plēsmonḗ 'Anfüllung, (Über)sättigung', pánia pl. n. = tà plḗsmia 'was leicht füllt, (über)sättigt'. LS: Dorian words, Dinol.6, Rhinth.1 , Blaes.I

Baltic: *pen-a- c., *pen-ē̂- vb.

Germanic: *fin-j-ō f.

Latin: penus, -oris n., penus, -ūs m., penus, -ī f., penum n. `Mundvorrat'

Russ. meaning: хлеб, запасы съестного

References: WP II 25

Proto-IE: *penkʷe

Meaning: num.: five

Tokharian: A pänt, B pinkte (PT *pänkte) 'five' (Adams 385); A päñ, B piś (PT *päñś) (388)

Old Indian: páñca `five'

Avestan: panča

Armenian: hing; hnge-tasan '15'

Old Greek: pénte, aeol. pémpe

Slavic: *pętь

Baltic: *peñk-

Germanic: *finfi

Latin: quīnque

Other Italic: Osk pumperias; Umbr pumperias 'quincuriae'

Celtic: OIr cōic, OCymr pimp, MCymr, NCymr pump, Corn pump, Bret pemp, Gaul pempe-

Albanian: pesɛ, geg. pęsɛ

Russ. meaning: пять

References: WP II 25 f

Proto-IE: *pent- (-th-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: way

Old Indian: pánthā, acc. pánthām / pánthānam, instr. pathā́, pl. in. pathíbhiḥ `way, path'; pāthas- n., pāthis- n. `spot, place; (L.) water'

Avestan: pantɔ̄, acc. pantąm/pantānǝm, instr. paɵa 'Pfad, Weg; Raum, Stelle'

Armenian: hun (o-St.) `Furt, Weg'

Old Greek: pónto-s m. `Meer, hohe See', páto-s m. `Weg, Pfad'

Slavic: *pǭtь

Baltic: *pint-[i]- m.

Germanic: *fanɵ-ia- m.; *fanɵ-ian- m.

Latin: pons, -tis m. `Brücke, Steg, Prügelweg durch Sümpfe, Verdeck, Schiffstabulat'

Celtic: Ir ēs `Spur', MIr āitt, āit `Ort, Stelle'

Russ. meaning: путь

References: WP II 26 f

Proto-IE: *pep-

Meaning: weak

Old Greek: pépōn, n. -on, gen. -onos 'ripe; mild', pepái̯nō 'to ripen; to soften, assuage', pepái̯nomai̯ '(of tumors) to soften and suppurate; to grow warm' (formally, these forms are hardly separated from *pekʷ- ' to cook')

Baltic: *pē̃p- vb. inch., *pep-in̂- vb. caus., *pā̃p-in̂-/*pā̂p-in̂- (2) vb.

Russ. meaning: мягкий, слабый

References: Fraenkel 240 (different in Pok.)

Proto-IE: *per-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to attempt, to research

Old Greek: pêi̯ra, aeol. pérrā f. `Versuch', pei̯ráō, -ázdō `versuchen, auf die Probe stellen, angreifen', émpei̯ro- `erfahren, kundig'

Latin: experior, -īrī, -rtus sum `einen Versuch machen, erproben, prufen, kennenlernen', experīmentum n. `Versuch', comperio, -īre, -perī, -pertum `genau erfahren', opperior, -īrī, opperītus/oppertus `erwarten', perītus, -a `erfahren, bewandert, sachverständig', perīculum (/ -clum) n. `Versuch, Probe, Niederschrift; Gefahr; Prozess, Anklage'

Russ. meaning: пробовать, исследовать

References: WP II 28 f

Proto-IE: *per-

Meaning: to battle

Old Indian: pŕ̥t-, pŕ̥tanā f. `battle, strife'

Avestan: pǝrǝt-, pǝšanā `Kampf, Schlacht', pǝrǝtamna `die miteinenader Kämpfenden', paiti-parǝtata `bekampft', pǝrǝtamna `die miteinmander Kämpfenden'

Slavic: *pьrētī (sę̄), *pьrjā, *sъporъ

Russ. meaning: сражаться

References: WP II 42 f

Proto-IE: *per-

Meaning: prep./adv.: around

Hittite: para 'vorwärts, hervor, hinaus' (Friedrich 159), piran 'vorn, voran' (170)

Tokharian: A ana-pär, B ene-pre (PT *ene-pre) 'before, in front of' (Adams 84); A pärne, B parna 'outside' (PT *päränā-i) (359); A pärwat, B parwe 'earlier, first' (PT *pärwe) (360)

Old Indian: pári adv. 'round, around', pári prp. 'around smth., over smth.'

Avestan: pairi prp. 'um-herum'

Other Iranian: OPers pariy prp. 'um-herum'

Old Greek: péri, perí, dial. pér adv. 'um herum, durch und durch', prf. 'über etwas hinaus, über, vorüber, herum, -um', vor Adj. 'sehr, überaus', prp. 'um--herum, in etwas umher, um (dē); um--herum, um (wegen); 'um (den Bereich einer Sache) herum; um (= in betreff), wegen'

Slavic: *per, *per-

Baltic: *per̂-, *par̂-

Germanic: *furi, *fura; *fir-

References: WP II 29 ff

Comments: + *pres, *pros, *pr̥-, *p(e)ra, *prō̆, *proti, *pru, *porsō(d)

Proto-IE: *per- <PIH *-rH->

Meaning: to put across, to ferry

Hittite: parh- (I) 'hetzen, treiben, jagen' (Friedrich 159)

Old Indian: píparti , caus. pāráyati `to bring over, bring out, save, protect, escort, promote', inf. parṣáṇi; pārá- `bringing across', m., n. `the further bank, the opposite side', partŕ̥bhis `with aids, helpfully'

Avestan: par- `hindurch-, hinübergehen'; pāra- m. `Ufer; Grenze, Ende'; pǝrǝtu- m./f. (*pŕtu-), pǝšu- m. (< prtú-) `Durchgang, Furt, Brücke'

Armenian: hord `begangen, betreten', hordan `fortgehen', hordantam `lasse fortgehen, bringe vorwärts', heriun `Pfrieme'

Old Greek: póro-s m. `Durchgang, Furt, Meerenge, Fahrt, Weg, Strasse; Mittel, Ausweg'; pl. `Einkünfte', poréu̯ō, -omai̯ `fahren, verschaffen', porthmó-s m. `Überfahrt (-sort, -sweg), Meerenge, Sund'

Slavic: *pьratī, *perjǭ; *pertī, *pьrǭ; *pārī́tī; *pórmъ; *pьrtь

Germanic: *far-a- vb.; *far-ja- vb., *far-m-a- m., *fōr-ō f.; *fár-ɵ-i-/*far-d-í- c., *far-t-i- c., *fir-[ɵ]-u- c., *fur-d-ú- c., *far-il-a- m.

Latin: portāre `tragen; ertragen, aushalten'; portus, -ūs m. `Hauseingang; Seeeinfahrt, Hafen; Zuflucht; Niederlage'; angiportus, -ūs m., angiportum n. `enges Nebengässchen, Sackgasse', porta f. `Tor, Türe'

Other Italic: Umbr portatu `portātō', ft II portust `portāverit', portaia `portet';

Celtic: *hrtu-: Gaul ritu- `Furt': Ritumagus, Augustoritum; Ir rith: Humar-rith; OCymr rit, NCymr rhyd `Furt', Corn rit `Furt'

Russ. meaning: переправляться на ту сторону, за границу etc.

References: WP II 39 f

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